Benefits Administration Diminishing Risk And Increasing...

Benefits Administration: Diminishing Risk and Increasing Value Introduction Your clients are demanding it and their employees are expecting it. Is the competition delivering it? Vendors are continuously trying to form a relationship with your organization. We’re referring to benefits administration and automating antiquated paper-driven processes of managing eligibility, employee communication, enrolling employees into their healthcare options, facilitating carrier communication of elections, and managing compliance. Supply and demand for benefits administration has been fluctuating for quite some time, but there has been a recent increase in demand due to the legal ramifications of the Affordable Care Act and the compliance that has been placed upon employers as well as competition in the marketplace. Consideration to benefits administration is becoming a primary focus for organizations. When making a decision on whom to partner with, employers are looking to reduce administrative costs, empower the employee, reduce paper, find a user-friendly customizable system, meet ACA requirements, and simplify reporting. Other factors include proving the overall value to executives, understanding the implementation process, ease, and timeliness of a conversion. When it comes to offering technology and innovative services for benefits administration to clients, an agency must have focus on two particular areas: Diminishing Risk and Increasing Value With any proficient gainShow MoreRelatedEnterprise Risk Management ( Erm )1741 Words   |  7 PagesEnterprise Risk Management (ERM)? Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) is process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the activities of an organization in order to minimize the effect of risk on an organizations capital and earnings. ERM expands the process to include not just risks associated with accidental losses, but also financial, strategic, operational, and other risks. âž ¢ Benefits of Enterprise Risk Management In Finance †¢ Financial Incentives Awareness of risks involvedRead MoreThe Veterans Benefits Administration ( Vba )816 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Over the past 15 years, the Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) has seen a dramatic increase in the average degree of disability, growth in the number of compensation recipients, a rise in the number of medical issues claimed and an increased level of complexity of claimed issues. To illustrate this point, prior to the September 2011 terrorist attacks, 333,700 Veterans received compensation at the 70-100 percent level; however, these figures rose to over 1.1 million by the end ofRead MoreManagers Can Use Cvp For A New Power Drill1190 Words   |  5 PagesManagers can use CVP analysis to evaluate how the operating income of their companies will be affected if the outcomes they predict are not achieved—say, if sales are 10% lower than they estimated. Evaluating this risk affects other strategic decisions a manager might make (2015, p. 79). Because the change of the improvement of new equipment in AWM, Inc., managers will want to know how the profit will change. Will it incr ease or decrease? â€Å"For example, AWM managers might wonder how many units ofRead MoreShouldice Hospital Case1684 Words   |  7 PagesThis helps provide customers were assurance that they are being taken care of by knowledgeable professionals who have performed hundreds of similar operations. Not only were they getting a quality service, but a speedy recovery time helped to add value to their experience. In addition to the surgery received, the entire experience of a quick check in, a comfortable atmosphere, an opportunity to create relationships, well prepared meals, and the freedom to move around are all services which help toRead MoreObama s Plan And How It Would Evolve Over The Next Five Years1683 Words   |  7 Pagesenrollment options, larger classroom sizes, and the same campus resources spread thinner across a larger student body. Schools in this category would be forced to decide between decreasing student experience, or increasing selectivity therefore limiting acce ss. Another key issue in regards to increasing enrollment emerges when looking into past experiences. When federal aid became more accessible to students, America saw an increase in enrollment rates (Baum, Kurose, McPherson, 2013). Along with this increaseRead MoreRetail Market : Tesco, Asda, And Morrison1100 Words   |  5 Pagesremote firms to duplicate. Threats of Substitutes- The risk of substitutes in the nourishment retail industry is a low one just in light of the fact that shoppers view it as a need. The retail market is continually attempting to join and absorb new advancements as for sustenance items or option organizations, to make shopping a to a great degree pleasurable experience. This makes them to a great degree hard to substitute. The main significant risk of substitute is an internal industry threat wherebyRead MoreAir New Zealand Board Of Directors Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesAir New Zealand Board of Directors need to have the skills of top managers, such as leadership, strategic planning and risk management. In addition, they need to establish any negotiating ability is excellent and build relationships with other major airline alliances. b) Staff: Air New Zealand chief executive Christopher Luxon experience from other members of the January 2013 implementation of the team are: †¢ Cam Wallace - Chief Sales Commercial Officer †¢ Rob MacDonald - Chief Financial OfficerRead MoreN Gregory Mankiws Ten Principles of Economics1312 Words   |  5 Pagessummarizes recent medical research on the analgesic effects of combining medical marijuana with oipiod painkillers (Szalavitz, 2011, n. pag.). Researchers found that use of the two drugs together had a beneficial pain-reducing effect that could reduce the risk of potentially deadly opiate overdose, which is a growing problem in the U. S., but because of legal restrictions, such use was prohibited, study was difficult, and doctors hesitated to prescribe due to possible criminal prosecution (Szalavitz, 2011Read MoreInternal And External Influences On The Organization Essay1443 Words   |  6 Pages1.1 Internal and external influences on the organization Internal Influences a) Skills: Air New Zealand Board of Directors need to have the skills of top managers, such as leadership, strategic planning and risk management. In addition, they need to establish any negotiating ability is excellent and build relationships with other major airline alliances. b) Staff: Air New Zealand chief executive Christopher Luzon experience from other members of the January 2013 implementation of the team are: Read MoreHealth Care : Is It Working?1454 Words   |  6 Pagessystem in the whole world, but as it’s main shortcomings become more perceptible and visible; Americans do not have health insurance and thus, they are aware of the fact that our health care is no longer working for everybody, and there is increasing recognition that most problems including up surging costs and inaccessibility of the heath care, which forms a real health care crisis. Therefore, this paper aims to determine whether the current health care system is working. There are

Surrealism Free Essays

Surrealism Surrealism started as a revolt against the intellect of Cubism, Formalist art, Art for Arts sake (Dada) and abstraction. It is an attitude to life and society rather than a style of art. It was a painting style that trapped the dream into physical existence. We will write a custom essay sample on Surrealism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Individualism and isolation was a core value of the movement. They investigated the mind for artistic inspiration. Origins of Surrealism: Andre Breton: Was dissatisfied with DADA Wanted a more organized and realistic He explored automatic righting and discussed the irrational and the accidental Hough process in painting He published a manifesto in 1924 (statement of ideas about the movement) Was based on Freud the idea of the conscious mind struggling against the irrational and the unconscious Implemented the idea that the individual is free to express their personal desires Definition of Surrealism: Thought is expressed with the absence of reason, aesthetic (visual), moral concerns. Surrealism emphasizes words more than the image and was dominated by the written works and ideas. The influence of Sigmund Freud: Worked with Psychoanalysis, and how hypnosis allows an individual to remember motional experiences that have been forgotten. The importance of memories and experiences in the subconscious is core to Surrealism Hypnosis liberates the imagination Through the dream, reality is solved. Political situation of the time: Breton was a communist The surrealists were anarchists like the Dadaists of WWW Surrealist thought that non-government was better(irrational vs. the rational) Russian revolution Tribal art Dada : chance, irrational, illogical Art of children and the mentally ill Freud and Jung (importance of dreams and the symbols used to understand dreams) Sub Themes: The human condition: Surrealism deals with the subconscious, dreams and irrational thought Influence of technology- Meaning in media: Surrealism involves symbolism, meaning through the use of paint Reflection of society: comment on anti war etc Two Schools of Surrealism Bibliographic Surrealism Ray, Dali,Yves, Migrate Detailed Automatic Organic surrealism Mirror, Manson Recognizable objects in different contexts Images of the mind Precise reproduction Juxtaposition (placing next to each other) Transposed (placed over) Displaced(put out of place) Mutated (altered) Visual pun/ double meaning Hidden Meaning Chance Close to abstract How to cite Surrealism, Papers

Prevention For Opioid Drug Abuse Example For Students

Prevention For Opioid Drug Abuse On April 2, Kathleen Errico of Haverhill woke up at 3:45a.m. To find that her 23-year-old daughter, Kelsey Endicott, had lost her life due to a heroin overdose. Kelsey leaves behind her family and a son, whose second birthday is soon approaching. Ms. Errico shares that her daughter, â€Å"turned to drugs to make her feel normal,† and that Kelsey wasn’t aware of how heroin, â€Å"would devastate her family and tear it apart, how it would take her job and leave her penniless, or how it would steal her son from her arms.† Kelsey’s son now lives with Ms. Errico (MacQuarrie and Farragher). Unfortunately, cases such as Kelsey’s are becoming increasingly common in Massachusetts, calling for a much-needed resolution to the opioid epidemic. Drugs contributing to the opioid epidemic include heroin as well as prescription painkillers such as morphine, hydrocodone, codeine, oxycodone, and fentanyl (â€Å"Opioid Addiction†). In Massachusetts, the number of opioid-related hospital visits has roughly doubled from 2007 to 2014, with 31,000 visits in 2007 rising to a staggering 57,000 visits in 2014 (Freyer). A notable increase can also be seen in the number of opioid-related fatalities in the state. The year 2000 ended with a total of 338 unintentional fatal opioid overdoses in Massachusetts (â€Å"United States†). The number of opioid-related deaths has continued to rise each year with 561 fatalities in 2008, 603 fatalities in 2011, 668 fatalities in 2012, 911 fatalities in 2013, and 1,099 fatalities in 2014 (â€Å"United States†). This data represents a 21% increase in the number of unintentional fatal opioid overdoses from the year 2013 to 2014, and a 65% increase from 2012 to 2014 (â€Å"United States †). The increase in the number of opioid-related deaths in recent years has also shown to be more prevalent in certain areas of the state. Freyer shares, â€Å"The Berkshires, Southeastern Massachusetts, and the Lawrence-Lowell area have the highest concentrations of residents who visited the hospital with opioid-related problems.† All age groups are affected by opioid abuse and it has been found that those earning less that $50,000 a year are more apt to be affected (Freyer). The amount of opioid medications prescribed as well as the immense availability of heroin is driving this epidemic. Opioid painkillers prescribed by physicians have shown to contribute to the opioid epidemic. While opioids were once only regularly prescribed to patients battling cancer and other terminal illnesses, there has been an increase in use of opioids to treat musculoskeletal problems, sciatica, and low-back pain (Friedman). With a rise in the number of conditions using painkillers to combat pain, more and more opioid prescriptions are being distributed to patients. In fact, the medical use of opioids has multiplied by ten in the past twenty years, with about half of all prescriptions prescribed by pain specialists now being opioid pain relievers (Friedman). Addiction to these medications has become increasingly more common due in part to the immense amount of opioids that are in circulation throughout the public. In the United States, an estimated 259 million opioid prescriptions were written in 2012, which would allow every American adult a separate bottle of medication (â€Å"Opioid Ad diction†). Along with the massive amount of opioid prescriptions that are being prescribed, the abundant availability of heroin is driving this epidemic. Heroin is both easily obtained and is inexpensive (Freyer). When the supply of an opioid painkiller is cut short, heroin can become a cheaper alternative for someone struggling with opioid addiction. Both the availability of heroin and the amount of opioid painkillers being distributed can be to blame for driving this epidemic. As seen in the number of opioid-related deaths in recent years, more and more families are now being affected by opioid abuse. Families are being torn apart while individuals are losing their lives to opioid overdoses. Studies have shown that those who are addicted to opioids live approximately fifteen years less than people who are not addicted to the painkillers (â€Å"Findings of Opioid Task Force†). In addition to this, individuals addicted to opioids are at a higher risk for developing liver disease, HIV infection, and Hepatitis C (â€Å"Findings of Opioid Task Force†). Effects of opioid abuse have also been observed to affect children. Freyer shares that in Massachusetts, â€Å"The rate of babies born dependent on opioids increased more than fivefold from 2004 to 2013, and in 2009 was 3 times the national average.† These numbers will continue to rise if steps are not taken to try and prevent the progression of this epidemic. Is Marijuana A Solution For The Opioid Epidemic?The impact of mass media campaigns has also been observed in Australia. A study in Australia assessed the effectiveness of the media campaign â€Å"SunSmart† in regard to the prevention of skin cancer (Wakefield, Loken, and Hornik). The company encourages and promotes the wearing of protective clothing, the use of sunscreen, and the avoidance of direct sunlight during high ultraviolet periods (Wakefield, Loken, and Hornik). Various forms of advertising were used throughout the campaign. The fifteen-year study found that there was a reduction in the prevalence of melanoma in the areas exposed to the campaign, especially among young individuals (Wakefield, Loken, and Hornik). This fifteen-year study in Australia displays the great influence that media campaigns are capable of. While mass media campaigns have proven to be effective in producing positive changes in society, some people would argue that they take years to produce any significant change. Although media campaigns can in fact take time to result in substantial change, the overall effect that a mass media campaign would have on the opioid epidemic would be worthwhile. With the continued efforts of various treatment facilities for opioid abuse in Massachusetts, the use of media campaigning would function to educate the public on the dangers of opioid misuse and would consequently reduce the negative effects that opioid abuse has on society. One alternative solution to preventing opioid abuse in Massachusetts is limiting the amount of opioid painkillers prescribed to patients. Recently, an opioid bill has been passed in Massachusetts that aims to prevent the misuse of opioid painkillers. This bill limits a seven-day supply of medication for initial opioid prescriptions in the state (Miller). By doing so, the bill would help decrease the number of opioid painkillers in circulation throughout the public. A decrease in availability of opioids would help to prevent the start of opioid abuse among individuals. Although the bill could reduce the start of opioid abuse, it would not prevent those who are already addicted to opioids from seeking more medication. Individuals that are already addicted to opioids may turn to heroin when supplies of other opioid painkillers are cut short. A mass media campaign would better serve in preventing opioid abuse, as it would target those already affected by opioid abuse, those at risk for b eing affected, and the general public.

Comparing Short Stories of The Flowers and A Rose for Emily Essay Example For Students

Comparing Short Stories of The Flowers and A Rose for Emily Essay Essay (Practice) By comparing the ending of Alice Walker’s story â€Å"The Flowers† with that of William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, there have been some similarities in the stories. Such as for the main character of both stories had personally faced a dead body. For Myop in â€Å"The Flowers†, she innocently stumbles onto the remains of a man who had clearly been killed in a lynching. She discovers the body when she saw the man cracked or broken large white teeth in the woods. For Emily in â€Å"A rose for Emily† she had one love, Homer Barron, whom the town had believed he had left her. It is revealed at the end of the story that he in fact did not leave Miss Emily; in fact, Emily had poisoned Mr. Barron and left his dead body in her bed for so many years until her time had come. Other similarities would be the figure flowers, in which Myop in â€Å"The Flowers† while she was walking in the woods, she found a handful of blue flowers. In the end when she had found the body, she had laid the flowers next to the body and walk back home. For Emily, the narrator seems to have this deep emotion to the fate of Emily. There is a deep understanding of the situation that she faced or grew up with. In this, it clearly showed that despite of the attitude that Emily portrayed and the crime she had committed, the narrator seemed to acknowledge the woman inside her facade. So the rose only symbolizes the life or respect for Emily. Further comparing the stories, we found some opposite similarities. For instance in â€Å"The Flowers†, Myop plays as an African American girl in a poor family whom in the end came out and faces the cruel reality in the world. For Emily, she plays as a rich white woman and the narrator tells the story of how her life began and ended in the world.

What Do You Need to Know About Writing a Sample Essay?

What Do You Need to Know About Writing a Sample Essay?There are many reasons why a college student will want to write a sample essay. Many times, when students get the opportunity to write a final paper or answer an exam, they will look up every piece of information that they can find on the subject of what to write in their essay. Even though this can be a good idea, it is not always the smartest idea.The most important thing about writing a sample essay is that it should be easy to understand and relate to. For example, if a person wanted to write a report for their college senior year, they would not be able to think of everything. After all, they would be the senior class president, right? However, there are things that a student can do to make the study process a little bit easier.A student should always put together a list of topics that they will cover in their essay. By doing this, they will get an idea of how many different topics they can cover. This will give them a better idea of how many different topics they will need to cover. In addition, it will give them a better idea of what they will need to talk about in their essay.Writing a sample essay should not be the most boring part of the college student's life. Instead, it should be one of the highlights. It is best if the student has a plan for where they will be taking it. This can be accomplished by making sure that they know exactly what they will be doing during the next few weeks or months. For example, maybe they will just finish their exam, but then they will then go into their next class.When a student knows exactly what they are going to be doing, they will have a better idea of how much time they will have to write their essay. When they know that they will only have a couple of hours per day, it makes it a lot easier for them to prepare. Instead of having to do everything all at once, they will be able to focus on just a few things at a time. This will help them to enjoy the study proce ss a lot more.Finally, a college student should try to write the essay while relaxing because it can be a very stressful time. The hardest part about writing is not the reading of the papers. The hardest part is actually putting all of the information together into one large block of information. When a student has time to relax, it makes it much easier for them to get everything done.Therefore, it is very important for students to get all of the information into their essays before the end of the semester. This is one of the most important steps that a student can take to be successful. This is why it is such a good idea to put together a list of topics and then writing all of this information down. This will make it a lot easier for the student to get all of the information out of their mind.

Why Churchill Lost the 1945 Election

Why Churchill Lost the 1945 Election In 1945 Britain, an event occurred which still causes shocked questions from around the world: how did Winston Churchill, the man who had led Britain to victory in the Second World War, get voted out of office at the moment of his greatest success, and by such an apparently large margin. To many it looks like Britain was supremely ungrateful, but push deeper and you find that Churchill’s total focus on the war allowed he, and his political party, to take their eyes off the mood of the British People, allowing their pre-war reputations to weigh them down. Churchill and the Wartime Consensus In 1940 Winston Churchill was appointed Prime Minister of a Britain who appeared to be losing the Second World War against Germany. Having been in and out of favor over a long career, having been ousted from one government in World War One only to return later to great effect, and as a long-standing critic of Hitler, he was an interesting choice. He created a coalition drawing on the three main parties of Britain – Labour, Liberal, and Conservative – and turned all his attention to fighting the war. As he masterfully kept the coalition together, kept the military together, kept international alliances between capitalist and communist together, so he rejected pursuing party politics, refusing to aggrandize his Conservative party with the successes he and Britain began to experience. For many modern viewers, it might seem that handling the war would merit re-election, but when the war was coming to a conclusion, and when Britain divided back into party politics for the el ection of 1945, Churchill found himself at a disadvantage as his grasp of what people wanted, or at least what to offer them, had not developed. Churchill had passed through several political parties in his career and had led the Conservatives in the early war in order to press his ideas for the war. Some fellow conservatives, this time of a far longer tenure, began to worry during the war that while Labour and other parties were still campaigning – attacking the Tories for appeasement, unemployment, economic disarray – Churchill was not doing the same for them, focusing instead on unity and victory. Churchill Misses Reform One area where the Labour party were having success campaigning during the war was reform. Welfare reforms and other social measures had been developing before World War 2, but in the early years of his government, Churchill had been induced into commissioning a report on how Britain could rebuild after it. The report had been chaired by William Beveridge and would take his name. Churchill  and others were surprised that the findings went beyond the rebuilding they’d envisioned, and presented nothing less than a social and welfare revolution. But the hopes of Britain were growing as the war seemed to be turning, and there was vast support for Beveridge’s report to be turned into a reality, a great new dawn. Social issues now dominated the part of British political life that was not taken up with the war, and Churchill and the Tories slipped back in the public’s mind. Churchill, a one-time reformer, wished to avoid anything which might fracture the coalition and didn’t back the report as much as he might; he was also dismissive of Beveridge, the man, and his ideas. Churchill thus made it clear he was putting off the issue of social reform until after the elections, while Labour did as much as they could to demand it being put into practice sooner, and then promised it after the election. Labour became associated with the reforms, and the Tories were accused of being against them. In addition, Labour’s contribution to the coalition government had earned them respect: people who had doubted them before began to believe Labour could run a reforming administration. The Date Is Set, the Campaign Fought World War 2 in Europe was declared over on May 8th, 1945, the coalition ended on May 23rd, and the elections were set for July 5th, although there would have to be extra time to gather the votes of the troops. Labour began a powerful campaign aimed at reform and made sure to take their message to both those in Britain and those who had been forced abroad. Years later, soldiers reported being made aware of Labour’s goals, but not hearing anything from the Tories. In contrast, Churchill’s campaign seemed to be more about re-electing him, built around his personality and what he’d achieved in the war. For once, he got the thoughts of the British public every wrong: there was still the war in the East to finish, so Churchill seemed distracted by that. The electorate was more open to the promises of Labour and the changes of the future, not the paranoia about socialism that the Tories tried to spread; they weren’t open to the actions of a man who had won the war, but whose party had not been forgiven for the years before it, and a man who had never seemed – up to now – entirely comfortable with peace. When he compared a Labour-run Britain to the Nazis and claimed Labour would need a Gestapo, people were not impressed, and memories of the Conservative inter-war failures, and even of Lloyd George’s failure to deliver post World War 1, were strong. Labour Win The results began coming in on July 25th and soon revealed Labour winning 393 seats, which gave them a dominant majority. Attlee was Prime Minister, they could carry out the reforms they wished, and Churchill seemed to have been defeated in a landslide, although the overall voting percentages were much closer. Labour won nearly twelve million votes, to nearly ten million Tory, and so the nation wasn’t quite as united in its mindset as it might appear. A war-weary Britain with one eye on the future had rejected a party which had been complacent and a man who had focused entirely on the nation’s good, to his own detriment.​ However, Churchill had been rejected before, and he had one last comeback to make. He spent the next few years reinventing himself once more and was able to resume power as a peacetime Prime Minister in 1951.

Understanding Fearful Avoidant Attachment Style

Understanding Fearful Avoidant Attachment Style Individuals with a  fearful avoidant attachment style desire close relationships, but feel uncomfortable relying on others and fear being let down. Fearful avoidant is one of four key styles of attachment proposed by psychologist John Bowlby, who developed attachment theory.   Key Takeaways: Fearful Avoidant Attachment Attachment theory is a theory in psychology that explains how and why we form close relationships to other people.According to attachment theory, our early experiences in life can cause us to develop expectations that affect our relationships throughout our lives.Individuals with a fearful avoidant attachment style worry about being rejected and are uncomfortable with closeness in their relationships.Having a fearful avoidant attachment style is linked to negative outcomes, such as a higher risk of social anxiety and depression as well as less fulfilling interpersonal relationships.Recent research suggests that it’s possible to change one’s attachment style and to develop healthier ways of relating to others. Attachment Theory Overview When studying the interactions between infants and their caregivers, Bowlby noticed that infants had a need to be in close proximity to their caregivers and that they often became quite distressed when separated. Bowlby suggested that this response was part of an evolved behavior: because young infants are dependent upon parents for caregiving, forming a close attachment to parents is evolutionarily adaptive.  Ã‚   According to attachment theory, individuals develop expectations about how other people will behave  based upon  those early attachments.  For example, if a childs parents are generally responsive and supportive when he or she is distressed, attachment theory would predict that the child would become a trusting adult. On the other hand, a child whose parents responded inconsistently or negatively might have difficulty trusting others upon reaching adulthood.   The 4 Attachment Styles Generally speaking, there are four different prototypical attachment styles that can explain our attitudes and beliefs about relationships: Secure.  Individuals with a secure attachment  style feel comfortable trusting others. They see themselves as worthy of love and support and are confident that others will support them if they need help.Anxious (also known as preoccupied or anxious-ambivalent). Anxiously attached individuals want to rely on others, but worry that others won’t support them in the way that they want. According to psychologists Kim Bartholomew and Leonard Horowitz, anxiously attached individuals typically have positive evaluations of other people but tend to doubt their self-worth, which causes them to seek out the support of others but also worry about whether their feelings for others will be reciprocated.Avoidant (also known as dismissing-avoidant). Avoidant individuals  tend to limit the closeness of their relationships and feel uncomfortable relying on other people. According to Bartholomew and Horowitz, avoidant individuals typically have positive views of themselves but believe that other people can’t be counted on. Consequently, avoidant individuals tend to remain independent and often try to avoid any form of dependence. Fearful avoidant.  Individuals  with a fearful avoidant attachment style have characteristics of both anxious and avoidant individuals. Bartholomew and Horowitz write that they tend to have negative views of both themselves and others, feel unworthy of support, and anticipate that others will not support them. As a result, they feel uncomfortable relying on others despite a desire for close relationships. Most people do not  fit the attachment style prototypes perfectly; instead, researchers measure attachment style as a spectrum. In attachment questionnaires, researchers give participants questions measuring both their anxiety and avoidance in relationships. Anxiety  survey items include statements such as, â€Å"Im afraid that I will lose my partners love,† while avoidance survey items include statements like, I  dont feel comfortable opening up to romantic partners.† On these measures of attachment, fearful avoidant individuals  score highly on both anxiety and avoidance. Roots of the Fearful Avoidant Attachment Style If parents are not responsive to a childs needs, the child may develop a fearful avoidant attachment style. Psychologist  Hal Shorey writes that people with fearful avoidant attachment styles may have had parents who responded to their needs in threatening ways or who were otherwise unable to care for and comfort the child. Similarly, researcher Antonia Bifulco  found that fearful avoidant attachment is  linked to childhood abuse and neglect. However, some research suggests that fearful avoidant attachment style may have other origins as well. In fact,  in one study  conducted by  Katherine Carnelley and her colleagues, the researchers found that attachment style was related to participants’ relationships with their mothers when they looked at college student participants. However, among a group of older participants, researchers did not find the expected link between early experiences and attachment. In other words, while early life experiences do affect attachment style, other factors may also play a role. Key Studies Some research suggests that fearful avoidant attachment style is connected to  an increased  risk of anxiety and depression. In a study conducted by Barbara Murphy and Glen Bates at the Swinburne University of Technology in Australia, researchers compared attachment style and symptoms of depression among 305 research participants. The researchers found that fewer than 20% of participants had a fearful avoidant attachment style, but, among participants whom the researchers categorized as depressed, the prevalence of fearful avoidant attachment was much higher. In fact, nearly half of  participants categorized as depressed displayed a fearful avoidant attachment style. Other research has corroborated these findings.   Psychologists have found that individuals  with secure attachment styles tend to self-report  healthier and more satisfying relationships than insecurely attached individuals. In a study conducted by noted attachment researchers  Cindy Hazan and Phillip Shaver, researchers asked participants questions  about their most important romantic relationships. The researchers found that secure participants reported having relationships that lasted longer than avoidant and anxious participants’ relationships. Because fearful avoidant attachment style encompasses elements of both anxiety and avoidance, this particular attachment style can lead to interpersonal difficulties. For example, Shorey writes that people with a fearful avoidant attachment style want close relationships, but may pull away because of their anxieties and worries about relationships. Changing Attachment Style According to recent research, the negative outcomes of fearful avoidant attachment style are not inevitable. Individuals can utilize therapy to change relationship behavior patterns and cultivate a more secure attachment style. According to  the Greater Good Science Center, therapy  provides an outlet for understanding ones attachment style and practicing  new ways of thinking about relationships. Additional research has found that being in a relationship with someone who is securely attached can be beneficial to those with less secure attachment styles. In other words, people with less secure attachment styles may gradually become more comfortable if they are in a relationship with someone who has a secure attachment style. If two individuals who are not securely attached find themselves in a relationship together, it has been suggested that they may benefit from couple’s therapy. Healthier relationship dynamics are possible by coming to understand ones own attachment style as well as the attachment style of ones partner. Sources and Further Reading Bartholomew, Kim. â€Å"Avoidance of Intimacy: An Attachment Perspective.† Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 7.2 (1990): 147-178. rebeccajorgensen.com/libr/Journal_of_Social_and_Personal_Relationships-1990-Bartholomew-147-781.pdfBartholomew, Kim and Leonard M. Horowitz. â€Å"Attachment Styles Among Young Adults: A Test of a Four-Category Model.† Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 61.2 (1991): 226-244. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6b60/00ae9911fa9f9ec6345048b5a20501bdcedf.pdfBifulco, Antonia, et al. â€Å"Adult Attachment Style As Mediator Between Childhood Neglect/Abuse and Adult Depression and Anxiety.† Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 41.10 (2006): 796-805. http://attachmentstyleinterview.com/pdf%20files/Adult_Att_Style_as_Mediator.pdfCarnelley, Katherine B., Paula R. Pietromonaco, and Kenneth Jaffe. â€Å"Depression, Working Models of Others, and Relationship Functioning.† Journal of Personality and Social Psychol ogy 66.1 (1994): 127-140. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8126643 Djossa, Erica. â€Å"Is There Hope for the Insecurely Attached?† Science of Relationships (2014, June 19). scienceofrelationships.com/home/2014/6/19/is-there-hope-for-the-insecurely-attached.htmlâ€Å"The Experiences in Close Relationships Scale-Revised (ECR-R) Questionnaire.† http://fetzer.org/sites/default/files/images/stories/pdf/selfmeasures/Attachment-ExperienceinCloseRelationshipsRevised.pdfFraley, R. Chris. â€Å"Adult Attachment Theory and Research: A Brief Overview.† University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Department of Psychology (2018). http://labs.psychology.illinois.edu/~rcfraley/attachment.htmHazan, Cindy, and Phillip Shaver. â€Å"Romantic Love Conceptualized as an Attachment Process.† Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52.3 (1987): 511-524. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a7ed/78521d0d3a52b6ce532e89ce6ba185b355c3.pdfLaslocky, Meghan. â€Å"How to Stop Attachment Insecurity from Ruining Your Love Life.† Greater Good Mag azine (2014, Feb. 13). https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/how_to_stop_attachment_insecurity_from_ruining_your_love_life Murphy, Barbara, and Glen W. 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